Post by moon125 on Nov 4, 2024 9:37:59 GMT
Some verbs in English – known as phrasal verbs (or prepositional verbs / verbal expressions) – are constructed with prepositions or adverbial particles .
These verbs are widely used in the language and make up a large part of it – so knowing them and understanding their specificities is essential!
It is even more important to know how to use them correctly in oral and written communication, as sometimes with these verbs the slightest change in their form can completely alter the intended meaning.
Often, adding an adverbial particle to a verb makes it more natural and appropriate in oral communication. Thus, a verb without a particle like “ listen ” and the shopify website design same verb constructed with a particle “ listen up ” can mean the same thing, with only the tone and fluency changing.
Other times, a verb accompanied by its adverbial particle/preposition may have a completely different meaning than its independent version. This is the case, for example, with the expressions “ pass ” (to pass) and “ pass out ” (to faint) – and, depending on the particle, the phrasal verb may even acquire another distinct meaning, as is the case with “ pass away ” (to die).
Phrasal Verbs – Classification
Inseparable
Some phrasal verbs can only form their meaning when the verb and the particle remain together, without admitting an object or complement in between.
For example:
Come back
Soon she would need to come back home.
Soon she would have to go home.
Look after
We look after the neighbors' cat while they're away.
We take care of the neighbors cat while they are away.
Get along
I don't get along well with them.
I don't get along with them.
Fall apart
He bought some cheap shoes that fell apart after a couple of months.
He bought cheap shoes that fell apart after just a few months.
Go against
He would not go against his parents' wishes.
He would not go against his parents' wishes.
Separable
Other phrasal verbs may, necessarily or possibly, admit an object or complement between verb and preposition/particle.
For example:
Give away
If you don't like the gift they got you, give it away .
If you don't like the gift they gave you, donate it.
End up
I like feel the author wasn't sure how to end it all up so she just stopped writing abruptly.
I feel like the author wasn't sure how to wrap it all up , so she just stopped writing abruptly.
Clean up
I'll stay home today and clean the house up.
I'm going to stay home today and clean the house .
Do over
We can do it all over again .
We can do it all over again .
Turn off
You need to turn the music off , it's too loud.
You need to turn off the music , it's too loud.
The Most Used Particles in Phrasal Verbs
As explained previously, the construction of phrasal verbs is simple: they are composed of a verb, followed by a particle , which changes or complements the meaning of the verb. This particle can be an adverb or a preposition.
Knowing the most common particles used to form these expressions is very useful for understanding the meaning of phrasal verbs that you don't yet know.
They won't always have the same meaning when added to a verb – this can vary depending on the verb in question and the context. In fact, most of the time, it's quite difficult to translate the exact meaning of a particle into Portuguese, since, in general, we know these verbal expressions in English only by the name of a simple verb.
We can mention as common particles:
On
Among its most common meanings are “on” and “ahead”.
Example: Go on (continue/go forward) / Try on (try on/put on a piece of clothing)
Off
Among its most common meanings, it can refer to something that is turned off, canceled, removed.
Example: Take off / Put off .
In
Among its most common meanings is “inside”.
Example: Come in / Keep in
Out
Among its most common meanings is “outside/outward” or a movement of completion (from inside to outside).
Example: Give out / Send out
Back
It may present a sense of return, among others.
Example: Give back / Play back
Away
It can present a notion of distance, movement away/outwards.
Example: Put away (keep, put back in place) / Take away (take something with you / to go)
Over
Among its most common meanings, it can refer to something that is done from beginning to end, something that is renewed. It can also present a sense of movement.
Example: Move over (go to the other side ) / Start over (start all over again)
Up
It refers, most of the time, to a movement (concrete or abstract) from the bottom up.
Example: Think up (invent, create) / Use up (exhaust, use everything)
Down
It refers, most of the time, to a movement (concrete or abstract) from top to bottom.
Example: Let down (disappoint, abandon) / Break down (divide/separate/list or break/fail)
Most Common Phrasal Verbs with Translation
There are more phrasal verbs in English than we can possibly list here. So, the list below will list some of the most commonly used verbal expressions in everyday communication, along with their approximate translation into Portuguese and an example of how they can be used in a sentence.
These verbs are widely used in the language and make up a large part of it – so knowing them and understanding their specificities is essential!
It is even more important to know how to use them correctly in oral and written communication, as sometimes with these verbs the slightest change in their form can completely alter the intended meaning.
Often, adding an adverbial particle to a verb makes it more natural and appropriate in oral communication. Thus, a verb without a particle like “ listen ” and the shopify website design same verb constructed with a particle “ listen up ” can mean the same thing, with only the tone and fluency changing.
Other times, a verb accompanied by its adverbial particle/preposition may have a completely different meaning than its independent version. This is the case, for example, with the expressions “ pass ” (to pass) and “ pass out ” (to faint) – and, depending on the particle, the phrasal verb may even acquire another distinct meaning, as is the case with “ pass away ” (to die).
Phrasal Verbs – Classification
Inseparable
Some phrasal verbs can only form their meaning when the verb and the particle remain together, without admitting an object or complement in between.
For example:
Come back
Soon she would need to come back home.
Soon she would have to go home.
Look after
We look after the neighbors' cat while they're away.
We take care of the neighbors cat while they are away.
Get along
I don't get along well with them.
I don't get along with them.
Fall apart
He bought some cheap shoes that fell apart after a couple of months.
He bought cheap shoes that fell apart after just a few months.
Go against
He would not go against his parents' wishes.
He would not go against his parents' wishes.
Separable
Other phrasal verbs may, necessarily or possibly, admit an object or complement between verb and preposition/particle.
For example:
Give away
If you don't like the gift they got you, give it away .
If you don't like the gift they gave you, donate it.
End up
I like feel the author wasn't sure how to end it all up so she just stopped writing abruptly.
I feel like the author wasn't sure how to wrap it all up , so she just stopped writing abruptly.
Clean up
I'll stay home today and clean the house up.
I'm going to stay home today and clean the house .
Do over
We can do it all over again .
We can do it all over again .
Turn off
You need to turn the music off , it's too loud.
You need to turn off the music , it's too loud.
The Most Used Particles in Phrasal Verbs
As explained previously, the construction of phrasal verbs is simple: they are composed of a verb, followed by a particle , which changes or complements the meaning of the verb. This particle can be an adverb or a preposition.
Knowing the most common particles used to form these expressions is very useful for understanding the meaning of phrasal verbs that you don't yet know.
They won't always have the same meaning when added to a verb – this can vary depending on the verb in question and the context. In fact, most of the time, it's quite difficult to translate the exact meaning of a particle into Portuguese, since, in general, we know these verbal expressions in English only by the name of a simple verb.
We can mention as common particles:
On
Among its most common meanings are “on” and “ahead”.
Example: Go on (continue/go forward) / Try on (try on/put on a piece of clothing)
Off
Among its most common meanings, it can refer to something that is turned off, canceled, removed.
Example: Take off / Put off .
In
Among its most common meanings is “inside”.
Example: Come in / Keep in
Out
Among its most common meanings is “outside/outward” or a movement of completion (from inside to outside).
Example: Give out / Send out
Back
It may present a sense of return, among others.
Example: Give back / Play back
Away
It can present a notion of distance, movement away/outwards.
Example: Put away (keep, put back in place) / Take away (take something with you / to go)
Over
Among its most common meanings, it can refer to something that is done from beginning to end, something that is renewed. It can also present a sense of movement.
Example: Move over (go to the other side ) / Start over (start all over again)
Up
It refers, most of the time, to a movement (concrete or abstract) from the bottom up.
Example: Think up (invent, create) / Use up (exhaust, use everything)
Down
It refers, most of the time, to a movement (concrete or abstract) from top to bottom.
Example: Let down (disappoint, abandon) / Break down (divide/separate/list or break/fail)
Most Common Phrasal Verbs with Translation
There are more phrasal verbs in English than we can possibly list here. So, the list below will list some of the most commonly used verbal expressions in everyday communication, along with their approximate translation into Portuguese and an example of how they can be used in a sentence.